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Some grammar ideas

to have

• Kon … jetz == with …
• Et kon kolep jetz: I’m with a pigeon
• Li introduces a modifyer phrase
• Piluf sylet li kon soloz jetz: Another weeping bloom
• Piluf (s)ylet: next bloom
• la kon soloz jetz: that has a tear
• Qikon af … jetz: to want. af is the hypothetical particle. Literally “i hypothetically have” or “were i to have”.
• et qikon af li lofez qisylet (jetz): I hypothetically have that a sheep becomes another. I want another sheep.
• jetz should be understood with want

one of your pigeons

• like in czech: jeden z tvých holubů

spatial

• near: at the side of - konis == beside

It is near (at my side): an konis You are near: is konis You are near (beside) me: is kon et nis You are here. Is mole. I’m coming (to you). Et qikon is topen. I’m coming there (to your place). Et qitin mole isiz. to stay, remain, wait: mikonis I’ll wait until tomorrow: et mikonis pelis ten sylet (pot). Fek ten sylet pot et qeqikez. Tomorrow, I become a goat.

• proximous

It is proximous: an pelonis You are proximous: is pelonis You are close to me: is pelis et nis You are by (at) my side: is fek pilos nis

• far: without touch

It is far: an nufixum / an pes nufix nis. It is without touch. You are far from me: is pes et nis

• distant: unseeable

Is fek tilokum topen. You go out of sight / no sight. Anju qoqifek tilokum topen. He left. Anju qomimole um. He became not here. He left. Is fek nufixum topen. You go out of touch / no touch. Et sot mole topen. I go out of this place. I’m outta here. Joz sot mole topen. Get out of here. You are very distant (you are outside of this space): is sot mole nis

• near (communication): with words

you are near (you are with words): is kolam jetz (is kon lam jetz == literally they have words)

• far (communication): beyond words

they are far: solan pelam jetz (solan pes lam jetz == literally do not have words)

• distant: with silence

she is distant: an(a) kotix jetz

• side: pilos

• back: spal

• at the back: fespal

• I’m at the back: et mispal (I exist in the back - more permanent?)/ et fespal

• body / form / shape: soxel

• head: kop

• sky: miqir

• face: kar

• skin / surface: fix

• foot: naham

• floor: tunaham (from tul & naham)

• earth : tzem

• middle / stable place: haru

• expanding place: hara (creation)

• position: motyk

• sitting / squatting: mi-riz tul

• lying: mi-ref tul

• standing: mi-riz hal

• et qin haru nis: I am in the stable place (home?)

• an tzunis: it is in the middle (in the between)

• lanase tul fek ses jetz: that person is low in spirit. Spiritual sense. Not depressed.

• lanase tul fek haru jetz: that person is low in stability / home-place. Depressed?

Time

• nole - now
• noljae - this instant
• funol - past
• funolu - past discreet time
• funola - past indeterminate span
• funola jeniz - once (during one span of time in the past)
• potonol / potonolu / potonola - future
• pelis nol lil pot - in little time/ soon
• pelin(ol) - soon

pronouns

• et / solet: I / we
• yz: We, exclusive
• is / solis: You
• an: he / she / it
• anju / anja: he (male) / she (female)

verbs

• existence, change into a state, transaction between a source and a beneficiary, and part or quality of a whole
• qi- … change into a state
• hupu qihupa: the noise becomes music
• hapa: fire, qihapa: to become fire, qoqihapa: burned, qeqihapa: will burn
• kitap qihapa: thebook becomes burning
• anja jo qoqihapa kitap: she burned the book
• hara: creation: qihara: become extant, qoqihara: made, qeqihara: will make
• pro-verbs?
• rolihara: to do in this manner (thus)
• et(jo) txihara rolit? Do I do it this way?
• et rolitihara? Do I do it this way?
• is txihara holit? is holitihara? What are you doing?
• pepir: from above. qipepir: to begin to fall
• mi-: existence
• mitzunis: to be in the middle / float
• mifonis: to be among / mingle
• qifonis: to become part of / join
• et mifonis kon lanas sol jetz: I’m mingling with people
• et mifonis kon myx sol etiz jetz: I’m among my thoughts - thinking hard?
• et mitzunis kon myx sol etiz jetz: I’m floating (lost) in my thoughts
• et fol myxu nis: I’m among my daydreams.
• mikon af (jetz): to need
• isjo mikon af tam. She needs blood
• is mikon li tet anju isiz qismet: She needs her father to die (she needs that he father dies)
• tzi- transaction
• tzimyx: to think
• tzimyxa: to have an idea
• etjo tzanon tzihupa: i music (play on an instrument) the song
• etjo tzanon tzihup: i sound (play) the song (on a stereo)
• Qisylet: to become another of / another. Always in clause.
• Qijen: to become one with (join)
• is qeqijen kon is jetz. I will join you.
• tzilok: to see. tziloka: to look (at)
• anja jo sopen teniz tzilok. She saw the dawn (beginning of the day)
• anjo sopen teniz tziloka: She watched (looked at) the dawn
• laugh AT… normal ERG ABL verb … no preposition is needed
• Etjo qotxiposa fela hupol kez. I laughed because of the goat. Or the goat made me laugh. This does not mean I made fun of the goat.
• I smiled because of the goat. Etjo qotxiposa fela ret kez.
• I smiled at the goat. Et qotxiposa fela ret pelis kez.

adjectival clauses

• xebe li soletjo qotzikomu (an): that bread that we ate (it)
• anju li qomilankif qoqikuraf: he who was a drunkard became a prostitue.

nouns

• mark all subjects of transitive verbs ergative (jo)

adverbs & connectives

• zas: again
• Zas is qikon af tam. She wants blood again.
• Mou zas is qikon keris. She needs a rat again
• jena: singular
• jenu: lone, only
• potot: afterwards
• mofek: at the place
• nofek: at the time (then)
• ronuz: in this / that way (referring to the previous phrase)
• pelja (pelis ja nis): almost (near the transformation)
• hal … jetz: instead of (in the “place” of)
• x tzuf mole y liz: x instead of y
• x fal nole y liz: x in spite of y
• fal … jetz: in spite of
• nuzole - because. ends the phrase that starts with li.
• Li et mikonum hiqa nuzole pa is kon kez etiz jetz.
• Because I am dead, you can have my goat.

conjunctive

• -i: and. miqir tzemi: heaven and earth

idiomatic?

• et kon myx isiz jetz (nis?): I am with your thoughts (I agree)

pejorative

• It would be funny if the context tells you whether or not you are being pejorative

aspect

• incohatove - qi- (intransitive): lok sol kes liz qoqinoz. The goat’s eyes darkened (became dark)
• CAN - pa particle.
• volitive - tou particle.

valence (see book)

phrases

• Pelis pinu noliz pot anja kez fek nulu topen tzihupol. Until the end of time, the goat-like woman yammers into the void.

comparatives

coordination

Anju somut anjao. Boy much-amount girl-comparative. More boys than girls. -o is the comparative suffix, which works the same as -i, the conjunctive suffix. somut is “more” (much amount). somute is “the most” (amount). nomute is “the most” (time). momute is “the most” (space). Ten teno fure kez somut qotzifek mole. Today day-then the-before goat many past-to here. Today, more goats came than yesterday.

Subjunctive

• whatever. hole af.
• anywhere / wherever. mole af.
• whatever you want. Hole af li is qikon af.
• wherever the sheep needs to go. Mou mole af li lofez tzifek.

Subordinate clause xof

We are going home to feed the goat. Yz fek peite topen lijo kez peletz txijet. We to home direction that-ERG goat DAT TRS-food.

• I’m not sure jo is needed.

We’re arriving soon to eat the goat. Pelin yz mimolap topen lijo kez tzijet. Soon we be-somewhere direction that-ERG goat TRS-food. Let’s go to the place that has contented goats. Jax solet fek mole li (an) kon kez sol kofelu. JUS we to place that it with goat PLU content. an is only needed if the subject of the subordinate clause is ambiguous. I see the village that we’re going to. Etjo txilok peitotz li solet fek an. I-ERG INC-eye village that we to it.

role can introduce a subordinate clause or simply a noun phrase. It means, roughly, “how”. Kez jo kop ariz qotzirox role naham etiz. By-the-means foot my. Et kon zanum role kez qoqihiqaum. i with knowledge-not how goat past-incoh-life-not. i don’t know how the goat died.

tzifur